Can Beta Blockers Make You Gain Weight?
Can Beta Blockers Make You Gain Weight?
Beta blockers are medicines that doctors give to help with problems like high blood pressure, heart disease, or anxiety. Many people who take beta blockers worry that the medicine might make them gain weight. This is a common concern, particularly for individuals who are already trying to maintain their health or lose weight.
But do beta blockers cause weight gain? The answer is not simple. Some people notice a small weight gain after starting beta blockers. Others do not gain any weight at all. It depends on the type of beta blocker, how your body reacts, and your lifestyle.
In this blog, we will explain what beta blockers are, what the science says about weight gain, and what you can do if you are worried. We will also examine which beta blockers are more likely to cause weight gain and how to manage any changes you notice.
By the end, you will understand how these medicines work, what the risks are, and how to make good choices for your health with your doctor’s help.
What Are Beta Blockers?
A beta-blocker is a medication that causes the heart to beat more slowly and with less force when taken. Their mechanism blocks epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, from affecting the body. In addition to causing relaxation of blood vessels, some beta-blockers help to prevent blood clots. As a result of these effects, they are primarily used in the treatment of high blood pressure and other cardiovascular conditions, such as heart failure and arrhythmias, due to their impact on blood pressure. Furthermore, they can also be prescribed for treating migraine headaches, anxiety, hyperthyroidism, and tremors in addition to treating migraine headaches. The following are some of the most commonly prescribed beta-blockers:
- Nebivolol (BystolicⓇ)
- Labetalol (TrandateⓇ)
- Propranolol (Inderal LAⓇ)
- Carvedilol (CoregⓇ)
- Atenolol (TenorminⓇ)
- Sotalol (BetapaceⓇ)
- Metoprolol (LopressorⓇ)
Beta Blockers and Weight Gain: What's the Connection?
The American Heart Association's Journal of Hypertension recently published an article addressing the problem of beta blockers causing weight gain. This side effect has been known for many years. It has been found that those taking beta blockers to treat high blood pressure tend to weigh an average of 2.6 pounds more than those who are not. Researchers observed this phenomenon across multiple studies of people taking beta blockers to treat high blood pressure. Additionally, the weight gain happened within the first few months of taking the medicine. This may seem like a modest amount of weight gain, but since this was an average of 2.6 pounds, it is possible that some participants gained even more weight than others. The risk of weight gain associated with beta-blockers is currently unknown.
Several studies also suggest that beta blockers may hurt weight loss. A study has shown that individuals taking older beta-blockers, such as metoprolol, atenolol, propranolol, and bisoprolol, lose less weight than those taking newer beta-blockers or those not taking a beta-blocker. This study involved 160 men and women participating in diet and exercise programs. In terms of weight loss, the difference ranged from 2 to 7 percent, which can have a significant impact on a person's health. It is possible to considerably reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases by losing just 5% of your body weight, which is often the reason for beta-blocker therapy in the first place.
However, some beta blockers do not have these potential weight-related side effects. According to studies, newer beta blockers, such as carvedilol, do not promote weight gain like older beta blockers, such as metoprolol. There is even evidence that these newer beta-blockers (carvedilol, nebivolol, and labetalol) may be more effective in helping patients lose weight than those not taking a beta-blocker at all; however, further research is needed in this area before any definitive conclusions can be made.
How Do Beta Blockers Cause Weight Gain?
As a result of lowering total daily energy expenditure (calories burned), beta-blockers can cause weight gain. Furthermore, beta-blockers cause the heart rate to slow, making it harder for a person to maintain a regular exercise routine and leaving them feeling more tired.
It is essential to note that weight gain can also be attributed to factors other than beta-blocker use. A sudden increase in weight can indicate worsening heart failure in people with a history of heart failure. You must notify your healthcare provider if you notice a sudden change in your weight.
Why Do Beta Blockers Sometimes Cause Weight Gain?
There are a few reasons why some people gain weight when taking beta blockers. These medicines can affect the way your body works in small but significant ways.
- You may feel more tired.
Beta blockers slow your heart down. This is beneficial for your health, but it can also cause you to feel a bit tired. When you are exhausted, you might not feel like being active. This can lead to weight gain over time.
- Your body might burn fewer calories.
Beta blockers can lower your metabolism. That means your body uses less energy during the day. If you eat the same amount of food as before but burn fewer calories, you could slowly put on weight.
- You might keep more water.
Some beta blockers cause your body to retain water and salt. This can cause your weight to increase, but it is not necessarily fat gain. It is just extra fluid that usually settles over time.
- You could feel hungrier.
Some people notice they are hungrier when they start taking beta blockers. Scientists are unsure why this happens, but it may be linked to changes in hormones that regulate hunger.
Who Is More Likely to Gain Weight on Beta Blockers?
Not everyone gains weight, but some people are more likely to notice a change.
You might gain weight if:
- You are taking an older beta blocker like atenolol or propranolol
- You are not very active
- You have a condition like heart failure or high blood pressure
- You already struggle with your weight
Even in these cases, the weight gain is usually small. Most people gain between 1 and 3 kilograms, or 2 to 6 pounds. Half of all people who take beta blockers do not gain any weight.
Most of the weight gain happens early on. People usually notice a change in the first few months after starting the medicine.
After that, your weight often stays the same. It does not continue to rise indefinitely. If you do gain weight, it is typically a gradual and steady process. It is essential to monitor your weight and consult your doctor if you notice a significant change.
Some people may even find that the weight returns if they make changes to their eating or exercise habits.
Preventing Weight Gain While on Beta Blockers
If you wonder whether your beta blocker is affecting your weight, discuss this with your healthcare provider to explore your options. Other medications may be available to you that are less likely to cause weight gain if you only take a beta blocker to treat high blood pressure. Alternatively, you could try carvedilol or nebivolol, which have a lower risk of causing weight gain. The safest course of action is to consult your healthcare provider before discontinuing any prescribed medication.
Although beta-blockers with potential weight gain are recommended, this doesn't mean you'll lose weight or have trouble losing it. The following tips can help you achieve a healthy weight:
- Ensure your diet is nutritious. Weight management and overall health require eating vegetables, fruits, lean protein, whole grains, and healthy fats (such as nuts, seeds, avocados, and fish). Researchers have found that a healthy diet lowers blood pressure just as effectively as medications. Implementing these changes can be challenging, so working with a Registered Dietitian can be helpful.
- Be more active. Exercise has been shown to improve blood pressure and lower the risk of heart disease, and it is essential for achieving and maintaining successful and sustained weight loss. It doesn't matter what activity you do. It counts. Think about ways you can add more movement to your day, whether going to the gym, going for a walk, or putting the laundry away. You should consult your doctor before starting an exercise program if you are new to exercise or haven't exercised in a while.
- Make sure you stay on track. There is evidence that self-monitoring, such as recording what you eat, the amount of exercise you get, and the amount of weight you lose, leads to greater weight loss. Moreover, it gives you a better understanding of what has caused a change in your weight if you notice it increasing.
- Make sure you get enough sleep. Weight gain is associated with poor sleep. Ensure you get at least 7-8 hours of sleep every night and go to bed at the same time if you haven't already. In case you are having trouble sleeping, consult your doctor.
Is It Still Worth Taking Beta Blockers If They Make You Gain Weight?
Yes, it can be worth it. Beta blockers are very good at helping your heart. They can help alleviate chest pain, lower blood pressure, and help regulate your heart rate steadily.
Even if you gain a small amount of weight, the medicine is still helping to keep you healthy.
If you are concerned about gaining weight, consult your doctor. You may be able to switch to a different medication or receive assistance to help you maintain a healthy weight.
Remember, your heart health is the most important aspect of your overall well-being.
In Summary
Here are the main things to remember about beta blockers and weight:
- Some people may gain a small amount of weight after starting beta blockers
- Not everyone will gain weight
- Most of the weight gain happens in the first few months
- Older medicines like atenolol and propranolol are more likely to cause weight gain
- Newer ones like carvedilol and nebivolol are less likely to do this
- Eating well and moving more can help you manage your weight
- Always talk to your doctor if you are worried
Beta blockers are essential medications that help many people. A slight weight change can often be managed with simple steps.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can beta blockers cause weight gain in all patients?
Not everyone who takes beta blockers gains weight. Weight gain from beta blockers is more common with older types, such as atenolol or propranolol, but many people take these medications without experiencing any weight changes at all.
Why do beta blockers slow metabolism and lead to weight gain?
Beta blockers can lower your resting heart rate and reduce your energy use, which means your body may burn fewer calories throughout the day. This slower metabolism is one reason why beta blockers may cause weight gain in some people.
How long after starting beta blockers does weight gain begin?
Weight gain from beta blockers usually starts within the first few months of use. It may be small at first, but without healthy habits like regular exercise and a balanced diet, the weight could continue to rise slowly.
Which beta blockers cause the most weight gain?
Older beta blockers such as atenolol, propranolol, and metoprolol are more commonly linked to weight gain. These are non-selective or older selective beta blockers known for causing fatigue and reduced calorie burn.
Are there beta blockers that do not cause weight gain?
Yes, newer beta blockers like carvedilol, nebivolol, and bisoprolol are considered weight-neutral or less likely to cause weight gain. These may be a better choice if weight control is a concern for you and your doctor.
Is weight gain from beta blockers due to fat or water retention?
Weight gain while taking beta blockers can be caused by both fat gain and fluid retention. Some people may gain water weight, especially in the early stages, while others may gain fat due to reduced activity or increased appetite.
Can I lose weight while taking beta blockers?
Yes, you can still lose weight while on beta blockers by eating a healthy diet and staying physically active. If you are concerned about how to lose weight while taking beta blockers, speak to your doctor or a dietitian for help.
Do beta blockers make it harder to exercise and burn calories?
Beta blockers can make your heart beat more slowly, which may make exercise feel harder at first. However, most people adjust over time, and regular exercise can still help prevent weight gain linked to beta blockers.
How Can Weightloss Coach Help You With Weight Gain from Beta Blockers?
With Weightloss Coach, you will benefit from the experience of a Board Certified Doctor and a Registered Dietitian trained to provide reliable weight loss advice. As part of your doctor's comprehensive evaluation, your medications will be reviewed to determine if they impact your weight. Weight gain or weight loss can be made more difficult by many drugs, not just beta-blockers.
The doctor will work with you and your healthcare providers to determine if your medication may be causing weight gain and if a weight-friendly alternative is available. When formulating a customized weight loss plan that involves nutrition, physical activity, mindset shifts, and FDA-approved medications, your doctor and a Registered Dietitian consider your medical history, including conditions such as high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. The Medical Weight Loss program at Weightloss Coach may be right for you if you seek individualized guidance toward a healthy weight.
